What type of phase relationship do the two voltages (V1 and V2) exhibit when they are in phase?

When two voltages are described as "in phase," it means that their waveforms reach their maximum and minimum values at the same time. Therefore, in this scenario, V1 and V2 exhibit a phase relationship where their peaks and troughs align perfectly. This characteristic indicates that both voltages have the same frequency and are synchronized, allowing for constructive interference when they are combined.

This phase relationship is essential in various electrical and electromagnetic applications, such as Eddy Current Testing, since it can impact the resulting signal amplitude and energy transfer in the system. In Eddy Current Testing, understanding phase relationships helps in interpreting the response of the test piece accurately, thereby influencing defect detection and evaluation.

The other options describe different types of phase relationships. A phase difference of 45 degrees indicates one voltage leads or lags the other slightly, which can result in reduced amplitude when the two signals interfere. A 90-degree phase difference means that one voltage reaches its maximum when the other is at zero, leading to a quadrature relationship where the two do not directly influence each other’s amplitude. Finally, a 180-degree phase difference indicates that the voltages are opposite, causing destructive interference when combined, effectively canceling each other out. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for analyzing and