In terms of phase relationship, how are the voltages (V1 and V2) represented in the situation where they are 90 degrees out of phase?

When voltages are described as being 90 degrees out of phase, it indicates that the waveforms of these voltages reach their maximum and minimum values at different times, specifically a quarter of a cycle apart. In practical terms, if one voltage waveform peaks at a certain point in time, the other voltage will be at zero crossing at that same moment, illustrating that they do not influence each other directly at any point of their cycles.

This phase relationship is significant in applications such as Eddy Current Testing because it can indicate certain properties or conditions of the material being tested. In the context of electromagnetic phenomena, a 90-degree phase difference is often associated with reactive components, where inductance or capacitance is present, affecting how the test signals behave.

Understanding that voltages are 90 degrees out of phase helps in interpreting the results of ET tests, as differing phasings can indicate various material conditions, such as the presence of defects or variations in material conductivity. This specific relationship is key in maintaining the accuracy of measurements and in discerning the characteristics of the test subject.